Abstract—The conceptualized relationship between humans and ecosystems/biodiversity that had until then been an ambiguous. Ecosystem services' are the benefits provided by ecosystems to humans, which contribute to making human life be rich and comfortable. In fact, quite extensive things such as, of course, our everyday lives, as well as others ranging from components of public services to commercial activity in the private sector, depend on ecosystem services. Some companies have taken the lead by implementing efforts according to frameworks developed around supply chains and business life cycles in order to obtain an overview of these relationships. Additionally, frameworks have been formulated to analyze each industries' impact and dependency on ecosystems, providing business insiders advance recognize of the macro-level relationship between business and ecosystem services. Certification systems meant to preserve biodiversity and conserve ecosystem services are a means to encourage ecosystem conservation in supply chains by utilizing market mechanisms, and products with certification labels based on these systems are being on sale. At present, common certification systems are mainly limited to primary industries such as forestry, fishery and agriculture. If the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), an established environmental impact assessment method, can be applied to manufactured goods as well, then it would be possible to expand certification systems for them. Although this system will be able to contribute for environmental issue as well.

Index Terms—supply chain, biodiversity, protection, environment

Cite:Monteiro Figueira and Claudia S. Albuquerque, "Traffic Safety and Sustainable Transport Systems in Developing Countries," Journal of Traffic and Logistics Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 92-96,  June 2013. doi: 10.12720/jtle.1.1.92-96